Publications

Our laboratory staff has generated several publications.

The list and linked PDF of the papers can be found below.

Devamani CS, Prakash JAJ, Alexander N, Stenos J, Schmidt WP.

Epidemiol Infect. 2022 Jun 29;150:e132. doi:10.1017/S0950268822001170.

The incidence of Orientia tsutsugamushi infection in rural South India.

Devamani CS, Prakash JAJ, Alexander N, Stenos J, Schmidt WP.

Epidemiol Infect. 2022 Jun 29;150:e132. doi:10.1017/S0950268822001170.

Natural exposure-and vaccination-induced profiles of ex vivo whole blood cytokine responses to Coxiella burnetii.

Raju Paul S, Scholzen A, Mukhtar G, Wilkinson S, Hobson P, Dzeng RK, Evans J, Robson J, Cobbold R, Graves S, Poznansky MC, Garritsen A, Sluder AE.

Front Immunol. 2022 Jun 23;13:886698. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.886698.

Comparison of the Serion IgM ELISA and Microscopic Agglutination Test for diagnosis of Leptospira spp. infections in sera from different geographical origins and estimation of Leptospira seroprevalence in the Wiwa indigenous population from Colombia.

Dreyfus A, Ruf MT, Goris M, Poppert S, Mayer-Scholl A, Loosli N, Bier NS, Paris DH, Tshokey T, Stenos J, Rajaonarimirana E, Concha G, Orozco J, Colorado J, Aristizábal A, Dib JC, Kann S.

PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2022 Jun 6;16(6):e0009876. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009876.

Anal and oral detection of Treponema pallidum in men who have sex with men with early syphilis infection.

Towns JM, Chow EPF, Wigan R, Fairley CK, Williamson D, Azzato F, Graves S, Zhang L, Chen MY.

Sex Transm Infect. 2022 May 26;98(8):570-574. doi:10.1136/sextrans-2021-055370.

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection by microRNA profiling of the upper respiratory tract.

Farr RJ, Rootes CL, Stenos J, Foo CH, Cowled C, Stewart CR.

PLoS One. 2022 Apr 5;17(4):e0265670. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0265670.

Fatal Case of Mediterranean Spotted Fever Associated with Septic Shock, Iran.

Esmaeili S, Latifian M, Khalili M, Farrokhnia M, Stenos J, Shafiei M, Mostafavi E.

Emerg Infect Dis. 2022 Feb;28(2):485-488. doi:10.3201/eid2802.211023.

2021

Treponema pallidum detection in lesion and non-lesion sites in men who have sex with men with early syphilis: a prospective, cross-sectional study.

Towns JM, Leslie DE, Denham I, Wigan R, Azzato F, Williamson DA, Lee D, Chow EPF, Fairley CK, Graves S, Zhang L, Chen MY.

Lancet Infect Dis. 2021 Sep 1;21(9):1324-1331. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30838-0.

The prognostic value of serological titres in chronic Q fever: treat the patient, not the laboratory data.

Ghanem-Zoubi N, Graves S.

Clin Microbiol Infect. 2021 Sep;27(9):1202-1203. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2021.06.017.

Serological Evidence of Exposure to Spotted Fever Group and Typhus Group Rickettsiae in Australian Wildlife Rehabilitators.

Mathews KO, Phalen D, Norris JM, Stenos J, Toribio JA, Wood N, Graves S, Sheehy PA, Nguyen C, Bosward KL.

Pathogens. 2021 Jun 12;10(6):745. doi:10.3390/pathogens10060745.

A randomised controlled trial of the immunogenicity and safety of a formaldehyde-inactivated Coxiella burnetii vaccine in 8-week-old goats.

Muleme M, Devlin JM, Campbell A, Vincent G, Benham PJ, Sprohnle C, Stent A, Cameron A, Islam A, Graves S, Wilks C, Stenos J, Firestone SM.

Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2021 Jun;236:110253. doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110253.

National Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii in Chile, 2016-2017.

Tapia T, Olivares MF, Stenos J, Iglesias R, Díaz N, Vergara N, Sotomayor V, Gallegos D, Soares Magalhães RJ, Acevedo J, Araya P, Graves S, Hormazabal JC.

Pathogens. 2021 Apr 28;10(5):531. doi:10.3390/pathogens10050531.

Scrub Typhus and Molecular Characterization of Orientia tsutsugamushi from Central Nepal.

Gautam R, Parajuli K, Tadepalli M, Graves S, Stenos J, Sherchand JB.

Pathogens. 2021 Apr 1;10(4):422. doi:10.3390/pathogens10040422.

Exposure to Leptospira spp. and Associated Risk Factors in the Human, Cattle and Dog Populations in Bhutan.

Dreyfus A, Ruf MT, Mayer-Scholl A, Zitzl T, Loosli N, Bier NS, Hiereth S, Ulrich S, Poppert S, Straubinger RK, Stenos J, Tshokey T

Pathogens. 2021 Mar 6;10(3):308. doi:10.3390/pathogens10030308.

Timing of primary syphilis treatment and impact on the development of treponemal antibodies: a cross-sectional clinic-based study.

Towns JM, Leslie DE, Denham I, Azzato F, Karapanagiotidis T, Williamson DA, Graves S, Fairley CK, Bissessor M, Chow EPF, Zhang L, Chen MY.

Sex Transm Infect. 2021 March 6;98(3):161-165. doi:10.1136/sextrans-2020-054739.

Molecular Evidence of Novel Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia Species in Amblyomma albolimbatum Ticks from the Shingleback Skink (Tiliqua rugosa) in Southern Western Australia.

Tadepalli M, Vincent G, Hii SF, Watharow S, Graves S, Stenos J.

Pathogens. 2021 Jan 5;10(1):35. doi:10.3390/pathogens10010035.

2020

Screening for Rickettsia, Coxiella and Borrelia Species in Ticks from Queensland, Australia.

Hussain-Yusuf H, Stenos J, Vincent G, Shima A, Abell S, Preece ND, Tadepalli M, Hii SF, Bowie N, Mitram K, Graves S.

Pathogens. 2020 Dec 2;9(12):1016. doi:10.3390/pathogens9121016.

Q fever following a tick bite.

Graves S, Gerrard J, Coghill S.

Aust J Gen Pract. 2020 Dec;49(12):823-825. doi:10.31128/AJGP-01-20-5195.

Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence and Q fever in Australian wildlife rehabilitators.

Mathews KO, Toribio JA, Norris JM, Phalen D, Wood N, Graves S, Sheehy PA, Bosward KL.

One Health. 2020 Nov 21;12:100197. doi:10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100197.

Febrile Illness Evaluation in a Broad Range of Endemicities (FIEBRE): protocol for a multisite prospective observational study of the causes of fever in Africa and Asia.

Hopkins H, Bassat Q, Chandler CI, Crump JA, Feasey NA, Ferrand RA, Kranzer K, Lalloo DG, Mayxay M, Newton PN, Mabey D; FIEBRE Consortium.

BMJ Open. 2020 Jul 21;10(7):e035632. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035632.

Selection of Diagnostic Cutoffs for Murine Typhus IgM and IgG Immunofluorescence Assay: A Systematic review.

Dhawan S, Robinson MT, Stenos J, Graves S, Wangrangsimakul T, Newton PN, Day NPJ, Blacksell SD.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020 Jul;103(1):55-63. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.19-0818.

Evidence of Q Fever and Rickettsial Disease in Chile.

Tapia T, Stenos J, Flores R, Duery O, Iglesias R, Olivares MF, Gallegos D, Rosas C, Wood H, Acevedo J, Araya P, Graves S, Hormazabal JC.

Trop Med Infect Dis. 2020 Jun 11;5(2):99. doi:10.3390/tropicalmed5020099.

Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in raw meat intended for pet consumption.

Shapiro A, Bosward K, Mathews K, Vincent G, Stenos J, Tadepalli M, Norris J. Zoonoses Public Health. 2020 Jun;67(4):443-452. doi:10.1111/zph.12707.

Proposing a new hypothesis: Rickettsia spp. as a mechanism maintaining parapatry between two Australian reptile tick species.

Staines M, Bradford T, Graves S, Bull S, Gardner M.

Austral Ecology. 2020 May 10;45(4):488-492. doi:10.1111/aec.12897

Domestic dogs are mammalian reservoirs for the emerging zoonosis flea-borne spotted fever, caused by Rickettsia felis.

Ng-Nguyen D, Hii SF, Hoang MT, Nguyen VT, Rees R, Stenos J, Traub RJ.

Sci Rep. 2020 Mar 5;10(1):4151. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-61122-y.

Q fever vertebral osteomyelitis in the absence of cardiovascular involvement: Two cases and a literature review.

Browning S, Lai K, Pickles R, Graves S.

Clinical Infection in Practice. 2020 Feb 26;6(1):100019. doi:10.1016/j.clinpr.2020.100019.

Diagnostic evaluation of IgM ELISA and IgM Immunofluorescence assay for the diagnosis of Acute Scrub Typhus in central Nepal.

Gautam R, Parajuli K, Tshokey T, Stenos J, Sherchand JB.

BMC Infect Dis. 2020 Feb 13;20(1):138. doi:10.1186/s12879-020-4861-y.

Q fever seroprevalence in Australia suggests one in twenty people have been exposed.

Gidding HF, Peng CQ, Graves S, Massey PD, Nguyen C, Stenos J, Quinn HE, McIntyre PB, Durrheim DN, Wood N.

Epidemiol Infect. 2020 Feb 5;148:e18. doi:10.1017/S0950268820000084.

Australian case of scrub typhus contracted while hiking in northern Taiwan.

Minahan NT, Davis RJ, Graves S, Tsai KH.

J Formos Med Assoc. 2020 Feb 1;119(2):662-663. doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2019.08.036.

Seroprevalence to Coxiella burnetii in the Ramu Valley of Papua New Guinea.

AK G, Graves S, Stenos J, Ferguson J.

Pathology. 2020 Feb 1;52(1):S122. doi:10.1016/j.pathol.2020.01.415.

Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence in unvaccinated veterinary workers in Australia: evidence to support Q fever vaccination.

Sellens E, Bosward KL, Norris JM, Wood N, Heller J, Graves S, Gidding HF.

Zoonoses Public Health. 2020 Feb;67(1):79-88. doi:10.1111/zph.12658.

2019

Biosafety and biosecurity requirements for Orientia spp. diagnosis and research: recommendations for risk-based biocontainment, work practices and the case for reclassification to risk group 2.

Blacksell SD, Robinson MT, Newton PN, Ruanchaimun S, Salje J, Wangrangsimakul T, Wegner MD, Abdad MY, Bennett AM, Richards AL, Stenos J, Day NPJ.

BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Dec 10;19(1):1044. doi:10.1186/s12879-019-4653-4.

Diagnosis of spotted fever group Rickettsia infections: the Asian perspective.

Robinson MT, Satjanadumrong J, Hughes T, Stenos J, Blacksell SD.

Epidemiol Infect. 2019 Oct 7;147:e286. doi:10.1017/S0950268819001390.

Q fever vaccination of children in Australia: Limited experience to date.

Armstrong M, Francis J, Robson J, Graves S, Mills D, Ferguson J, Nourse C.

J Paediatr Child Health. 2019 Sep;55(9):1099-1102. doi:10.1111/jpc.14364.

Validation of an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for the detection of IgG antibodies against Coxiella burnetii in bovine serum.

Wood C, Muleme M, Tan T, Bosward K, Gibson J, Alawneh J, McGowan M, Barnes TS, Stenos J, Perkins N, Firestone SM, Tozer S.

Prev Vet Med. 2019 Aug 1;169:104698. doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104698.

Bartonella Quintana prosthetic aortitis successfully treated with doxycycline.

Meher-Homji Z, Graves S, Trubiano J, Holmes NE.

BMJ Case Rep. 2019 Jul 10;12(7):e229877. doi:10.1136/bcr-2019-229877.

Long-Lasting Transcriptional Changes in Circulating Monocytes of Acute Q Fever Patients.

Raijmakers RP, Stenos J, Keijmel SP, Ter Horst R, Novakovic B, Nguyen C, Van Der Meer JW, Netea MG, Bleeker-Rovers CP, Joosten LA, Graves S.

Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019 Jul 1;6(7):ofz296. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofz296.

Seroprevalence of Q fever among metropolitan and non-metropolitan blood donors in New South Wales and Queensland, 2014-2015.

Gidding HF, Faddy HM, Durrheim DN, Graves S, Nguyen C, Hutchinson P, Massey P, Wood N.

Med J Aust. 2019 Apr;210(7):309-315. doi:10.5694/mja2.13004.

Serological Evidence of Rickettsia, Orientia, and Coxiella in Domestic Animals from Bhutan: Preliminary Findings.

Tshokey T, Stenos J, Tenzin T, Drukpa K, Gurung RB, Graves S.

Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2019 Feb;19(2):95-101. doi:10.1089/vbz.2018.2336.

Short Report on the Lack of a Pyrogenic Response of Australian Genomic Group IV Isolates of Coxiella burnetii in Guinea Pigs.

Islam A, Stenos J, Vincent G, Graves S.

Trop Med Infect Dis. 2019 Jan 25;4(1):18. doi:10.3390/tropicalmed4010018.

2018

Clinical factors associated with syphilis concordance in men in sexual partnerships: a cross-sectional couples study.

Towns JM, Huffam S, Chow EPF, Denham I, Zhang L, Ryan A, Bellhouse CE, Bissessor M, Bradshaw CS, Phillips T, Graves S, Fairley CK, Chen MY.

Sex Transm Infect. 2018 Dec;94(8):571-573. doi:10.1136/sextrans-2017-053297.

'One Health' solutions for ticks and tick-borne diseases, and rickettsial pathogens of humans, domestic animals and wildlife.

Tabor AE, Graves S, Rodriguez Valle M, Stenos J.

Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2018 Sep;9(6):1604-1605. doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.08.006.

Isolation of a divergent strain of Rickettsia japonica from Dew's Australian bat Argasid ticks (Argas (Carios) dewae) in Victoria, Australia.

Izzard L, Chung M, Dunning Hotopp J, Vincent G, Paris D, Graves S, Stenos J.

Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2018 Sep;9(6):1484-1488. doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.07.007.

A Concise Review of the Epidemiology and Diagnostics of Rickettsioses: Rickettsia and Orientia spp.

Abdad MY, Abou Abdallah R, Fournier PE, Stenos J, Vasoo S.

J Clin Microbiol. 2018 Jul 26;56(8):e01728-17. doi:10.1128/JCM.01728-17.

Foreign tick smuggling rickettsia evades Australian border control.

Khan SF, Tadepalli M, Stenos J, Graves S, Korman TM.

Med J Aust. 2018 Jun 18;208(11):505. doi:10.5694/mja17.01201.

Scrub typhus diagnosis on acute specimens using serological and molecular assays - a 3-year prospective study.

Koralur M, Singh R, Varma M, Shenoy S, Acharya V, Kamath A, Stenos J, Athan E, Bairy I.

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2018 Jun;91(2):112-117. doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2018.01.018.

The epidemiology of Rickettsia felis infecting fleas of companion animals in eastern Australia.

Teoh YT, Hii SF, Graves S, Rees R, Stenos J, Traub RJ.

Parasit Vectors. 2018 Mar 20;11(1):138. doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2737-4.

Q fever: A rural disease with potential urban consequences.

Eastwood K, Graves S, Massey PD, Bosward K, van den Berg D, Hutchinson P.

Aust J Gen Pract. 2018 Mar;47(3):5555. doi:10.31128/AFP-08-17-4299.

A Molecular Survey of Tick-Borne Pathogens from Ticks Collected in Central Queensland, Australia.

Chalada MJ, Stenos J, Vincent G, Barker D, Bradbury RS.

Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2018 Mar;18(3):151-163. doi:10.1089/vbz.2017.2182.

Rickettsial Infections and Q Fever Amongst Febrile Patients in Bhutan.

Tshokey T, Stenos J, Durrheim DN, Eastwood K, Nguyen C, Vincent G, Graves S.

Trop Med Infect Dis. 2018 Jan 25;3(1):12. doi:10.3390/tropicalmed3010012.

Scrub typhis reinfection.

Koralur MC, Singh R, Varma M, Stenos J, Bairy I.

Trop Doct. 2018 Jan;48(1):69-72. doi:10.1177/0049475517740310.

Laboratory diagnosis of human infections transmitted by ticks, fleas, mites and lice in Australia.

Stenos J, Graves S.

Microbiology Australia, 2018 Jan;39(4): 182-184. doi:10.1071/MA18059

2017

Seroprevalence of rickettsial infections and Q fever in Bhutan.

Tshokey T, Stenos J, Durrheim DN, Eastwood K, Nguyen C, Graves S.

PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017 Nov 27;11(11):e0006107. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006107.

A longitudinal study of serological responses to Coxiella burnetii and shedding at kidding among intensively-managed goats supports early use of vaccines.

Muleme M, Campbell A, Stenos J, Devlin JM, Vincent G, Cameron A, Graves S, Wilks CR, Firestone S.

Vet Res. 2017 Sep 15;48(1):50. doi:10.1186/s13567-017-0452-3.

Rickettsia gravesii sp. nov.: a novel spotted fever group rickettsia in Western Australian Amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum ticks.

Abdad MY, Abdallah RA, Karkouri KE, Beye M, Stenos J, Owen H, Unsworth N, Robertson I, Blacksell SD, Nguyen TT, Nappez C, Raoult D, Fenwick S, Fournier PE.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2017 Sep;67(9):3156-3161. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.001865.

Scrub Typhus Outbreak in a Remote Primary School, Bhutan, 2014.

Tshokey T, Graves S, Tshering D, Phuntsho K, Tshering K, Stenos J

Emerg Infect Dis. 2017 Aug;23(8):1412-1414. doi:10.3201/eid2308.162021.

Serological Evidence of Rickettsia spp. in Western Australian Dogs.

Bennett MD, Abdad MY, Stenos J.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017 Aug;97(2):407-412. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.16-0998.

Rickettsia australis and Queensland Tick Typhus: a Rickettsial Spotted Fever Group Infection in Australia.

Stewart A, Armstrong M, Graves S, Hajkowicz K.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017 Jul;97(1):24-29. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.16-0915.

Clinical Manifestations and Outcomes of Rickettsia australis Infection: a 15-Year Retrospective Study of Hospitalized Patients.

Stewart A, Armstrong M, Graves S, Hajkowicz K.

Trop Med Infect Dis. 2017 Jun 20;2(2):19. doi:10.3390/tropicalmed2020019.

Tick-borne infectious diseases in Australia.

Graves S, Stenos J.

Med J Aust. 2017 Apr 17;206(7):320-324. doi:10.5694/mja17.00090.

Epidemiology and Characteristics of Rickettsia australis (Queensland Tick Typhus) Infection in Hospitalized Patients in North Brisbane, Australia.

Stewart A, Armstrong M, Graves S, Hajkowicz K.

Trop Med Infect Dis. 2017 Apr 15;2(2):10. doi:10.3390/tropicalmed2020010.

Peripartum dynamics of Coxiella burnetii infections in intensively managed dairy goats associated with a Q fever outbreak in Australia.

Muleme M, Stenos J, Vincent G, Wilks CR, Devlin JM, Campbell A, Cameron A, Stevenson MA, Graves S, Firestone SM.

Prev Vet Med. 2017 Apr 1;139(Pt A):58-66. Doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.02.006.

Serological evidence of exposure to Rickettsia felis and Rickettsia typhi in Australian veterinarians.

Teoh YT, Hii SF, Stevenson MA, Graves S, Rees R, Stenos J, & Traub RJ. Parasit Vectors. 2017 Mar 13;10(1):129. doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2075-y.

2016

The natural history of acute Q fever: a prospective Australian cohort.

Hopper B, Cameron B, Li H, Graves S, Stenos J, Hickie I, Wakefield D, Vollmer-Conna U, Lloyd AR.

QJM. 2016 Oct;109(10):661-668. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcw041.

Novel genotypes of Coxiella burnetii identified in isolates from Australian Q fever patients.

Vincent G, Stenos J, Latham J, Fenwick S, Graves S.

Int J Med Microbiol. 2016 Sep;306(6):463-70. doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2016.05.014.

New foci of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiae including Rickettsia honei in Western Australia.

Raby E, Pearn T, Marangou AG, Merritt AJ, Murray RJ, Dyer JR, Graves S.

Trop Med Infect Dis. 2016 Aug 17;1(1):5. doi:10.3390/tropicalmed1010005.

Ixodes holocyclus Tick-Transmitted Human Pathogens in North-Eastern New South Wales, Australia.

Graves S, Jackson C, Hussain-Yusuf H, Vincent G, Nguyen C, Stenos J, Webster M.

Trop Med Infect Dis. 2016 Aug 11;1(1):4. doi:10.3390/tropicalmed1010004.

Endemic Q Fever in New South Wales, Australia: A Case Series (2005-2013).

Graves S, Islam A.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2016 Jul 6;95(1):55-9. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.15-0828.

Q fever and contact with kangaroos in New South Wales.

Flint J, Dalton CB, Merritt TD, Graves S, Ferguson JK, Osbourn M, Eastwood K, Durrheim DN.

Commun Dis Intell Q Rep. 2016 Jun 30;40(2):E202-3.

Rickettsia Detected in the Reptile Tick Bothriocroton hydrosauri from the Lizard Tiliqua rugosa in South Australia.

Whiley H, Custance G, Graves S, Stenos J, Taylor M, Ross K, Gardner MG.

Pathogens. 2016 Jun 8;5(2):41. doi:10.3390/pathogens5020041.

Bayesian Validation of the Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay and Its Superiority to the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and the Complement Fixation Test for Detecting Antibodies against Coxiella burnetii in Goat Serum.

Muleme M, Stenos J, Vincent G, Campbell A, Graves S, Warner S, Devlin JM, Nguyen C, Stevenson MA, Wilks CR, Firestone SM.

Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2016 Jun 6;23(6):507-514. doi:10.1128/CVI.00724-15.

Evidence of exposure to Rickettsia felis in Australian patients.

Teoh YT, Hii SF, Graves S, Rees R, Stenos J, Traub RJ.

One Health. 2016 Jun 4;2:95-98. doi:10.1016/j.onehlt.2016.06.001.

An outbreak of scrub typhus in military personnel despite protocols for antibiotic prophylaxis: doxycycline resistance excluded by a quantitative PCR-based susceptibility assay.

Harris PNA, Oltvolgyi C, Islam A, Hussain-Yusuf H, Loewenthal MR, Vincent G, Stenos J, Graves S.

Microbes Infect. 2016 Jun;18(6):406-411. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2016.03.006.

Molecular confirmation of scrub typhus infection and characterization of Orientia tsutsugamushi genotype from Karnataka, India.

Koraluru M, Bairy I, Singh R, Varma M, Stenos J.

J Vector Borne Dis. 2016 Apr-Jun;53(2):185-187.

Is there a Lyme-like disease in Australia? Summary of the findings to date.

Chalada MJ, Stenos J, Bradbury RS.

One Health. 2016 Apr 7;2:42-54. doi:10.1016/j.onehlt.2016.03.003.

An outbreak investigation of scrub typhus in Western Province, Solomon Islands, 2014.

Marks M, Joshua C, Longbottom J, Longbottom K, Sio A, Puiahi E, Jilini G, Stenos J, Dalipanda T, Musto J.

Western Pac Surveill Response J. 2016 Jan 26;7(1):6-9. doi:10.5365/wpsar.2015.6.3.007.

Isolation of Coxiella burnetii from serum of patients with acute Q fever.

Vincent GA, Graves S, Robson JM, Nguyen C, Hussain-Yusuf H, Islam A, Fenwick SG, Stenos J.

J Microbiol Methods. 2015 Dec;119:74-8. doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2015.10.008.

An unusual case of Q Fever.

Chan ECW, Marshall CE, Beckett CL, Stenos J, Graves S.

Annals of the ACTM, 2015 Nov;16(3):70-73. doi:10.3316/informit.750856972741755

One Health approach to controlling a Q fever outbreak on an Australian goat farm.

Bond KA, Vincent G, Wilks CR, Franklin L, Sutton B, Stenos J, Cowan R, Lim K, Athan E, Harris O, Macfarlane-Berry L, Segal Y, Firestone SM.

Epidemiol Infect. 2015 Oct 23:1-13. doi:10.1017/s0950268815002368.

Fever and rash from Timor: where have you been and when?

Burke A, Graves S, Anstey NM.

Med J Aust. 2015 Oct 19;203(8):338. doi:10.5694/mja15.00936.

Genome Sequence of Coxiella burnetii Strain AuQ01 (Arandale) from an Australian Patient with Acute Q Fever.

Walter MC, Vincent GA, Stenos J, Graves S, Frangoulidis D.

Genome Announc. 2014 Oct 2;2(5). Doi:10.1128/genomea.00964-14.

Seroepidemiological Study of Outdoor Recreationists' Exposure to Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia in Western Australia.

Abdad MY, Cook A, Dyer J, Stenos J, Fenwick SG.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2014 Sep;91(3):584-8. Doi:10.4269/ajtmh.14-0102.

Rickettsial infections in Southeast Asia: implications for local populace and febrile returned travellers.

Aung AK, Spelman DW, Murray RJ, Graves S.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2014 Sep;91(3):451-60. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.14-0191.

Rickettsia felis Infections and comorbid conditions, Laos, 2003-2011.

Dittrich S, Phommasone K, Anantatat T, Panyanivong P, Slesak G, Blacksell SD, Dubot-Pérès A, Castonguay-Vanier J, Stenos J, Newton PN, Paris DH.

Emerg Infect Dis. 2014 Aug;20(8):1402-4. doi:10.3201/eid2008.131308.

Diagnosis and management of zoonoses – a tool for general practice.

Gunaratnam P, Massey PD, Eastwood K, Durrhein D, Graves S, Coote D, Fisher L.

Aust Fam Physician. 2014 Mar;43(3):124-8.

Genome Sequence of Rickettsia gravesii, Isolated from Western Australian Ticks.

Sentausa E, Abdad MY, Robert C, Stenos J, Raoult D, Fournier PE.

Genome Announc. 2013 Nov 27;1(6). doi:10.1128/genomea.00975-13.

Update on tick-borne rickettsioses around the world: a geographic approach.

Parola P, Paddock CD, Socolovschi C, Labruna MB, Mediannikov O, Kernif T, Abdad MY, Stenos J, Bitam I, Fournier PE, Raoult D.

Clin Microbiol Rev. 2013 Oct;26(4):657-702. doi:10.1128/CMR.00032-13.

The Attenuated Nine Mile Phase II Clone 4/RSA439 Strain of Coxiella burnetii Is Highly Virulent for Severe Combined Immunodeficient (SCID) Mice.

Islam A, Lockhart M, Stenos J, Graves S.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013 Oct;89(4):800-3. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.12-0653.

Queensland tick typhus: three cases with unusual clinical features.

Wilson PA, Tierney L, Lai K, Graves S.

Intern Med J. 2013 Jul;43(7):823-5. doi:10.1111/imj.12184.

Management of rickettsial diseases and Q fever.

Graves S.

Medicine Today: 2013 Jul;14(7):65-69.

A pilgrim’s progress: severe Rickettsia conorii infection complicated by gangrene.

Punj P, Nelson R, Gardiner S, Lodge M, Graves S, Warner MS.

Med J Aust. 2013 Jun 17;198(11):629-31. doi:10.5694/mja13.10025.

Seroprevalence and risk factors for Rickettsia felis exposure in dogs from Southeast Queensland and the Northern Territory, Australia.

Hii SF, Abdad MY, Kopp SR, Stenos J, Rees RL, Traub RJ.

Parasit Vectors. 2013 Jun 3;6:159. Doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-159.

Diversity of the 47-kD HtrA nucleic acid and translated amino acid sequences from 17 recent human isolates of Orientia.

Jiang J, Paris DH, Blacksell SD, Aukkanit N, Newton PN, Phetsouvanh R, Izzard L, Stenos J, Graves S, Day NP, Richards AL.

Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2013 Jun;13(6):367-75. doi:10.1089/vbz.2012.1112.

A new assay: specific interferon-γ detection for the diagnosis of previous Q fever.

Graves S.

Clin Infect Dis. 2013 Jun;56(12):1752-3. doi:10.1093/cid/cit132.

Protein array of Coxiella burnetii probed with Q fever sera.

Wang X, Xiong X, Graves S, Stenos J, Wen B.

Sci China Life Sci. 2013 May;56(5):453-9. Doi:10.1007/s11427-013-4472-6.

Diagnosis and Management of Q Fever – United States 2013: Recommendations from CDC and the Q Fever Working Group.

Anderson A, Bijlmer H, Fournier PE, Graves S, Hartzell J, Kersh GJ, Limonard G, Marrie TJ, Massung RF, McQuiston JH, Nicholson WL, Paddock CD, Sexton DJ.

MMWR Recomm Rep. 2013 Mar 29;62(RR-03):1-30.

Growth Yields of Four Coxiella burnetii Isolates in Four Different Cell Culture Lines.

Lockhart M, Islam A, Fenwick S, Graves S, Stenos J.

Advances in Microbiology. 2013 Mar;3(1):88-90. Doi:10.4236/aim.2013.31014.

Could it be Q fever?

Gidding HF, Graves S.

Med J Aust. 2013 Jan 21;198(1):9-10. doi:10.5694/mja12.11461.

Comparison of the performance of IFA, CFA, and ELISA assays for the serodiagnosis of acute Q fever by quality assessment.

Herremans T, Hogema BM, Nabuurs M, Peeters M, Wegdam-Blans M, Schneeberger P, Nijhuis C, Notermans DW, Galama J, Horrevorts A, van Loo IH, Vlaminckx B, Zaaijer HL, Koopmans MP, Berkhout H, Socolovschi C, Raoult D, Stenos J, Nicholson W, Bijlmer H.

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2013 Jan;75(1):16-21. doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.09.001.

2012

An analysis of Q fever patients 6 years after an outbreak in Newport, Wales, UK.

Hussain-Yusuf H, Islam A, Healy B, Lockhart M, Nguyen C, Sukocheva O, Stenos J, Graves S.

QJM. 2012 Nov;105(11):1067-73. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcs119.

Comparison of Vitek MS (Maldi TOF) to standard routine identification methods: an advance but no panacea.

Harris P, Winney I, Ashhurst-Smith C, O'Brien M, Graves S.

Pathology. 2012 Oct;44(6):583-5. doi:10.1097/PAT.0b013e328358343c.

Comparative sensitivity of four different cell lines for the isolation of Coxiella burnetii.

Lockhart MG, Islam A, Fenwick SG, Graves S, Stenos J.

FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2012 Sep;334(2):75-8. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02617.x.

Scrub Typhus among Pediatric Patients in Dambadeniya:A Base Hospital in Sri Lanka.

De Silva N, Wijesundara S, Liyanapathirana V, Thevanesam V, Stenos J.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012 Aug;87(2):342-4. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0170.

Potential serodiagnostic markers for Q fever identified in Coxiella burnetii by immunoproteomic and protein microarray approaches.

Xiong X, Wang X, Wen B, Graves S, Stenos J.

BMC Microbiol. 2012 Mar 16;12:35. doi:10.1186/1471-2180-12-35.

Detecting and measuring small numbers of viable Coxiella burnetii.

Lockhart M, Islam A, Graves S, Fenwick S, Stenos J.

FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2012 Feb;64(1):61-5. doi:10.1111/j.1574-695X.2011.00898.x.

2011

Bug Breakfast in the Bulletin. Tickborne diseases.

Lowbridge CP, Doggett SL, Graves S.

N S W Public Health Bull. 2011 Dec;22(11-12):237. doi:10.1071/NB11025.

Preventing Q fever endocarditis: a review of cardiac assessments in hospitalized Q fever patients.

Hess IM, Massey PD, Durrheim DN, O'Connor S, Graves S.

Rural Remote Health. 2011 Nov 17;11(4):1763. doi:10.22605/RRH1763.

Rickettsia felis, an emerging flea-transmitted human pathogen.

Abdad MY, Stenos J, Graves S.

Emerg Health Threats J. 2011 Jul 1;4:7168. doi:10.3402/ehtj.v4i0.7168.

Murine typhus returns to New South Wales: a case of isolated meningoencephalitis with raised intracranial pressure.

Simon NG, Cremer PD, Graves S.

Med J Aust. 2011 Jun 20;194(12):652-4. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2011.tb03152.x.

A comparison of methods for extracting DNA from Coxiella burnetii as measured by a duplex qPCR assay.

Lockhart MG, Graves S, Banazis MJ, Fenwick SG, Stenos J.

Lett Appl Microbiol. 2011 May;52(5):514-20. doi:10.1111/j.1472-765X.2011.03034.x.

Chronic Q fever: Different serological results in three countries – results of a follow-up study 6 years after a point source outbreak.

Healy B, van Woerden H, Raoult D, Graves S, Pitman J, Lloyd G, Brown N, Llewelyn M.

Clin Infect Dis. 2011 Apr 15;52(8):1013-9. doi:10.1093/cid/cir132.

Comparison of conventional, nested, and real-time quantitative PCR for diagnosis of scrub typhus.

Kim DM, Park G, Kim HS, Lee JY, Neupane GP, Graves S, Stenos J.

J Clin Microbiol. 2011 Feb;49(2):607-12. Doi:10.1128/jcm.01216-09.

Short Report: Seroprevalence to Coxiella burnetii among residents of the Hunter New England region of New South Wales, Australia.

Islam A, Ferguson J, Givney R, Graves S.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Feb;84(2):318-20. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0268.

First probable Australian cases of human infection with Rickettsia felis (cat-flea typhus).

Williams M, Izzard L, Graves S, Stenos J, Kelly JJ.

Med J Aust. 2011 Jan 3;194(1):41-3. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2011.tb04145.x.

2010

Isolation of a novel Orientia species (O. chuto sp. nov.) from a patient infected in Dubai.

Izzard L, Fuller A, Blacksell SD, Paris DH, Richards AL, Aukkanit N, Nguyen C, Jiang J, Fenwick S, Day NP, Graves S, Stenos J.

J Clin Microbiol. 2010 Dec;48(12):4404-9. doi:10.1128/JCM.01526-10.

Long-term persistence after acute Q fever of non-infective Coxiella burnetii cell components, including antigens.

Sukocheva OA, Marmion BP, Storm PA, Lockhart M, Turra M, Graves S.

QJM. 2010 Nov;103(11):847-63. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcq113.

Q Fever Cholecystitis in an Unvaccinated Butcher Diagnosed by Gallbladder Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Figtree M, Miyakis S, Stenos J, Graves S, Botham S, Ferson M, Krilis S.

Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2010 May;10(4):421-3. doi:10.1089/vbz.2008.0209.

Serological prevalence study of exposure of cats and dogs in Launceston, Tasmania, Australia to spotted fever group rickettsiae.

Izzard L, Cox E, Stenos J, Waterston M, Fenwick S, Graves S.

Aust Vet J. 2010 Jan;88(1-2):29-31. doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2009.00538.x.

2009

Novel rickettsia in ticks, Tasmania, Australia.

Izzard L, Graves S, Cox E, Fenwick S, Unsworth N, Stenos J.

Emerg Infect Dis. 2009 Oct;15(10):1654-6. doi:10.3201/eid1510.090799.

Q fever: persistence of antigenic non-viable cell residues of Coxiella burnetii in the host-implications for post Q fever infection fatigue syndrome and other chronic sequelae.

Marmion BP, Sukocheva O, Storm PA, Lockhart M, Turra M, Kok T, Ayres J, Routledge H, Graves S.

QJM. 2009 Oct;102(10):673-84. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcp077.

Rickettsioses in Australia.

Graves S, Stenos J.

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 May;1166:151-5. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04530.x.

2008

A case of prolonged fatigue following on acute rickettsial infection.

Watts MR, Benn RA, Hudson BJ, Graves S.

QJM. 2008 Jul;101(7):591-3. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcn064.

Markers of exposure to spotted fever rickettsiae in patients with chronic illness, including fatigue, in two Australian populations.

Unsworth N, Graves S, Nguyen C, Kemp G, Graham J, Stenos J.

QJM. 2008 Apr;101(4):269-74. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcm149.

Real-time multiplex PCR assay for detection and differentiation of rickettsiae and orientiae.

Paris DH, Blacksell SD, Stenos J, Graves S, Unsworth NB, Phetsouvanh R, Newton PN, Day NP.

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2008 Feb;102(2):186-93. doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.11.001.

2007

Flinders Island spotted fever rickettsioses caused by “marmionii” strain Rickettsia honei, Eastern Australia.

Unsworth NB, Stenos J, Graves S, Faa AG, Cox GE, Dyer JR, Boutlis CS, Lane AM, Shaw MD, Robson J, Nissen MD.

Emerg Infect Dis. 2007 Apr;13(4):566-73. doi:10.3201/eid1304.050087.

A febrile illness with generalized papular rash involving the palms and soles.

Boyd MA, Menon P, Graves S, Gordon DL.

Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Mar 1;44(5):704, 755-6. doi:10.1086/511637.

Hepatitis C virus RNA quantitation and degradation studies in whole blood samples in vitro.

Watson J, Graves S, Ferguson J, D'Este C, Batey R.

Gut. 2007 Feb;56(2):306-7. doi:10.1136/gut.2006.108860.

Patient and sample-related factors that effect the success of in vitro isolation of Orientia tsutsugamushi.

Luksameetanasan R, Blacksell SD, Kalambaheti T, Wuthiekanun V, Chierakul W, Chueasuwanchai S, Apiwattanaporn A, Stenos J, Graves S, Peacock SJ, Day NP.

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2007 Jan;38(1):91-6.

2006

Potentially pathogenic spotted fever group rickettsiae present in Western Australia.

Owen H, Clark P, Stenos J, Robertson I, Fenwick S.

Aust J Rural Health. 2006 Dec;14(6):284-5. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1584.2006.00831.x.

Rickettsioses in Australia.

Graves S, Unsworth N, Stenos J.

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Oct;1078:74-9. doi:10.1196/annals.1374.008.

Detection and identification of a novel spotted fever group rickettsia in Western Australia.

Owen H, Unsworth N, Stenos J, Robertson I, Clark P, Fenwick S.

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Oct;1078:197-9. doi:10.1196/annals.1374.038.

Three rickettsioses, Darnely Island, Australia.

Unsworth NB, Stenos J, Faa AG, Graves S.

Emerg Infect Dis. 2007 Jul;13(7):1105-7. doi:10.3201/eid1307.050088.

Rickettsia felis in fleas, Western Australia.

Schloderer D, Owen H, Clark P, Stenos J, Fenwick SG.

Emerg Infect Dis. 2006 May;12(5):841-3. doi:10.3201/eid1205.051458.

Q fever outbreak at a cosmetic supply factory.

Wade AJ, Cheng AC, Athan E, Molloy JL, Harris OC, Stenos J, Hughes AJ.

Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Apr 1;42(7):e50-2. doi:10.1086/501127.

A serological survey of rickettsial infections in the Gazelle Peninsula, East New Britain and a review of the literature.

Faa AG, Graves S, Nguyen C, Stenos J.

P N G Med J. 2006 Mar-Jun;49(1-2):43-6.

2004

Rickettsial diseases: An Australian Perspective.

Graves S.

Annals of the ACTM. 2004 Dec;5(2):17-21.

Murine typhus: the first reported case from Victoria.

Jones SL, Athan E, O'Brien D, Graves S, Nguyen C, Stenos J.

Med J Aust. 2004 May 3;180(9):482. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2004.tb06032.x

The tip of the iceberg: opportunistic screening for Chlamydia trachomatis in asymptomatic patients attending a young people's health clinic reveals a high prevalence - a pilot study.

Jones S, Barker S, Athan E, Graves S.

Sex Health. 2004 Feb;1(2):115-9. doi:10.1071/sh03007.

Ultrastructural and genetic evidence of a reptilian tick, Aponomma hydrosauri, as a host of Rickettsia honei in Australia: possible transovarial transmission.

Whitworth T, Popov V, Han V, Bouyer D, Stenos J, Graves S, Ndip L, Walker D.

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003 Jun;990:67-74. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07339.x.

Survey of rickettsial antibodies at two local sites and review of rickettsiosis in Papua New Guinea.

Kende M, Graves S.

P N G Med J. 2003 Mar-Jun;46(1-2):53-62.

2001

Rickettsia felis: the molecular characterisation of a new member of the spotted fever group.

Bouyer DH, Stenos J, Crocquet-Valdes P, Moron CG, Popov VL, Zavala-Velazquez JE, Foil LD, Stothard DR, Azad AF, Walker DH.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2001 Mar;51(Pt 2):339-347. doi:10.1099/00207713-51-2-339.

2000

The rickettsial outer-membrane protein A and B genes of Rickettsia australis, the most divergent rickettsia of the spotted fever group.

Stenos J, Walker DH.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2000 Sep;50 Pt 5:1775-1779. doi:10.1099/00207713-50-5-1775.

Evaluation of a commercially available recombinant-protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies produced in scrub typhus rickettsial infections.

Land MV, Ching WM, Dasch GA, Zhang Z, Kelly DJ, Graves S, Devine PL.

J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Jul;38(7):2701-5. doi:10.1128/JCM.38.7.2701-2705.2000.

1999

Rickettsial serosurvey in the Kimberleys, Western Australia.

Graves S, Wang L, Nack Z, Jones S.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999 May;60(5):786-9. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.786.

1997

Protein characterization of Australian spotted fever group rickettsiae and monoclonal typing of Rickettsia honei.

Stenos J, Ross B, Feng HM, Crocquet-Valdes P, Walker D.

J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Jan;35(1):261-3. doi:10.1128/jcm.35.1.261-263.1997.

Bushbug bites.

Graves S. (1997). Microbiology Australia. 18(1), 12-14.

1996

Genetic variation in Australian spotted fever group rickettsiae.

Baird RW, Stenos J, Stewart R, Hudson B, Lloyd M, Aiuto S, Dwyer B.

J Clin Microbiol. 1996 Jun;34(6):1526-30. doi:10.1128/jcm.34.6.1526-1530.1996.

Hepatitis C virus Heterogeneity: lipoprotein and immunoglobulin binding and clinical studies.

Watson JP, Bevitt DJ, Spickett GP, Toms GL, Bassendine MF.

J Hepatol. 1996 Feb 23;25(5):599-607. doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(96)80226-1.

Bartonella (Rochalimaea) quintana causing fever and bacteraemia in an immunocompromised patient with non-Hodgkins lymphoma.

Rathbone P, Graves S, Miller D, Odorico D, Jones S, Hellyar A, Sinickas V, Grigg A.

Pathology. 1996 Jan;28(1):80-3. doi:10.1080/00313029600169593.

1993

Polymicrobial pseudobacteraemias associated with non-sterile sodium citrate blood collection tubes.

Rathbone PG, Sinickas V, Humphery V, Graves S, Hellyar A.

J Hosp Infect. 1993 Dec;25(4):297-9. doi:10.1016/0195-6701(93)90117-i.

Spotted fever group rickettsial infection in south-eastern Australia: isolation of rickettsiae.

Graves S, Stewart L, Stenos J, Stewart RS, Schmidt E, Hudson S, Banks J, Huang Z, Dwyer B.

Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 1993 Jul;16(3):223-33. doi:10.1016/0147-9571(93)90149-y.

1992

Characterization and comparison of Australian human spotted fever group rickettsiae.

Baird RW, Lloyd M, Stenos J, Ross BC, Stewart RS, Dwyer B.

J Clin Microbiol. 1992 Nov;30(11):2896-902. doi:10.1128/jcm.30.11.2896-2902.1992.

Quantification of Rickettsia australis.

Stenos J, Graves S, Dwyer B.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1992 Aug;47(2):141-6. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1992.47.141.

A case of Murine Typhus in Queensland.

Graves S, Banks J, Dwyer B, King GK.

Med J Aust. 1992 May 4;156(9):650-1. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1992.tb121464.x.

Flinders Island Spotted Fever: a newly recognised endemic focus of tick typhus in Bass Strait. Part 2. Serological investigations.

Graves S, Dwyer BW, McColl D, McDade JE.

Med J Aust. 1991 Jan 21;154(2):99-104. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb120994.x.

Spotted fever in East Gippsland, Victoria: a previously unrecognised focus of rickettsial infection.

Dwyer BW, Graves S, McDonald MI, Yung AP, Doherty RR, McDonald JK.

Med J Aust. 1991 Jan 21;154(2):121-5. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb120998.x.

1990

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detecting antibody to Rickettsia australis in sera of various animal species.

Huang ZH, Graves S, Stewart L, Banks J, Dwyer B.

Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 1990;13(3):119-25. doi:10.1016/0147-9571(90)90274-w.

1988

Antibiotic-resistance patterns of soil bacterial (gram-negative rods) from the Krakatua Islands (Rakata) and West Java, Indonesia, in 1984.

Graves S, Plummer DC, Hives N, Harvey KJ, Thornton IW.

Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1988 Dec 19;322(1211):317-26. doi:10.1098/rstb.1988.0127.

Antibiotic resistance patterns and relative concentrations of bacteria (gram-negative rods) from ash deposits of various ages on the Krakatua Islands.

Graves S, Rosengren NJ, Kennelly-Merrit SA, Harvey KJ, Thornton IW.

Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1988 Dec 19;322(1211):327-37. doi:10.1098/rstb.1988.0128.

1986

Effect of four serum components on survival of Treponema pallidum and its attachment to rabbit cells in vitro.

Wong GH, Steiner B, Graves S.

Genitourin Med. 1986 Feb;62(1):1-3. doi:10.1136/sti.62.1.1.

1984

Oxygen toxicity to Treponema pallidum: deoxyribonucleic acid single-stranded breakage induced by low dose of hydrogen peroxide.

Steiner BM, Wong GH, Sutrave P, Graves S.

Can J Microbiol. 1984 Dec;30(12):1467-76. doi:10.1139/m84-234.

Inhibitory effect of syphilitic rabbit serum on DNA synthesis in rabbit cells in vitro.

Wong GH, Steiner B, Strugnell R, Faine S, Graves S.

Br J Vener Dis. 1984 Oct;60(5):285-7. doi:10.1136/sti.60.5.285.

Response of syphilitic rabbits to reinfection with homologous and heterologous Treponema pallidum strains.

Strugnell RA, Faine S, Graves S.

Infect Immun. 1984 Sep;45(3):561-5. doi:10.1128/iai.45.3.561-565.1984.

Polyanions in syphilis: evidence that glycoproteins and macromolecules resembling glycosaminoglycans are synthesised by host tissues in response to infection with Treponema pallidum.

Strugnell RA, Handley CJ, Drummond L, Faine S, Lowther DA, Graves S.

Br J Vener Dis. 1984 Apr;60(2):75-82. doi:10.1136/sti.60.2.75.

Susceptibility of Treponema pallidum to the toxic products of oxygen reduction and the non-treponemal nature of its catalase.

Steiner B, Wong GH, Graves S.

Br J Vener Dis. 1984 Feb;60(1):14-22. doi:10.1136/sti.60.1.14.

Treponema pallidum does not synthesis in vitro a capsule containing glycosaminoglycan or proteoglycans.

Strugnell RA, Handley CJ, Lowther DA, Faine S, Graves S.

Br J Vener Dis. 1984 Feb;60(1):8-13. doi:10.1136/sti.60.1.8.

Immunisation of rabbits with Spirochaeta aurantia does not induce resistance to Treponema pallidum.

Graves S, Drummond L, Strugnell R.

Sex Transm Dis. 1984 Jan-Mar;11(1):1-5. doi:10.1097/00007435-198401000-00001.

1983

The role of respiratory protection on increased survival of Treponema pallidum (Nichols) when co-cultivated with mammalian cells in vitro.

Steiner B, Wong GH, Drummond L, Graves S.

Can J Microbiol. 1983 Nov;29(11):1595-600. doi:10.1139/m83-244.

Effect of syphilitic rabbit sera taken at different periods after infection on treponemal motility, treoponemal attachment to mammalian cells in vitro, and treponemal infection in rabbits.

Wong GH, Steiner B, Graves S.

Br J Vener Dis. 1983 Aug;59(4):220-4. doi:10.1136/sti.59.4.220.

1982

Effect of anaerobic and microaerophilic conditions of extraction and incubation on the survival of Treponema pallidum in vitro.

Wong GH, Steiner BM, Graves S.

Br J Vener Dis. 1982 Jun;58(3):139-42. doi:10.1136/sti.58.3.139.

Lack of effect of bicarbonate on the survival of Treponema pallidum (Nichols) in vitro.

Wong GH, Steiner BM, Graves S.

Br J Vener Dis. 1982 Apr;58(2):130. doi:10.1136/sti.58.2.130.

1981

Redox potential and survival of virulent Treponema pallidum under microaerophilic conditions.

Steiner B, McLean I, Graves S.

Br J Vener Dis. 1981 Oct;57(5):295-301. doi:10.1136/sti.57.5.295.

Experimental infection of man with rabbit virulent Treponema paraluis-cuniculi.

Graves S, Downes J.

Br J Vener Dis. 1981 Feb;57(1):7-10. doi:10.1136/sti.57.1.7.

Sequential changes in susceptibility to Treponema pallidum of rabbits previously infected with Treponema paraluis-cuniculi.

Graves S.

Br J Vener Dis. 1981 Feb;57(1):11-4. doi:10.1136/sti.57.1.11.

Enhanced retention of motility and virulence of Treponema pallidum (Nichols strain) invitro by the addition of gelatin to anaerobic medium.

Prpic JK, Trewartha F, Graves S.

Sex Transm Dis. 1981 Jan-Mar;8(1):1-4. doi:10.1097/00007435-198101000-00001.

1980

Lack of seriological evidence for veneral spirochaetosis in wild Victorian rabbits and the susceptibility of laboratory rabbits to Treponema paraluis-cuniculi.

Graves S, Edmonds JW, Shepherd RC.

Br J Vener Dis. 1980 Dec;56(6):381-6. doi:10.1136/sti.56.6.381.

Susceptibility of rabbits, venereally infected with Treponema paraluis-cuniculi, to superinfection with Treponema pallidum.

Graves S.

Br J Vener Dis. 1980 Dec;56(6):387-9. doi:10.1136/sti.56.6.387.

The effect of pH on the motility and virulence of Treponema paraluis-cuniculi and Treponema pallidum (Nichols) under anaerobic conditions.

Graves S, Gotv T, Trewartha F.

Br J Vener Dis. 1980 Aug;56(4):269. doi:10.1136/sti.56.4.269.

The rate of clearance of virulent Treponema pallidum (Nichols) from the blood stream of normal, BCG-treated, and immune syphilitic rabbits.

Graves S.

Infect Immun. 1980 Jan;27(1):264-7. doi:10.1128/iai.27.1.264-267.1980.

1979

Optimum concentration of dissolved oxygen for the survival of virulent Temponema pallidum under conditions of low oxidation-reduction potential.

Graves S, Billington T.

Br J Vener Dis. 1979 Dec;55(6):387-93. doi:10.1136/sti.55.6.387.

1976

Retention of motility of Treponema pallidum (Nichols virulent strain) in an anaerobic cell culture system and in a cell-free system.

Sandok PL, Jenkin HM, Graves S, Knight ST

J Clin Microbiol. 1976 Jan;3(1):72-4. doi:10.1128/jcm.3.1.72-74.1976.

1975

Retention of motility and virulence of Treponema pallidum (Nichols strain) in vitro.

Graves S, Sandok PL, Jenkin HM, Johnson RC.

Infect Immun. 1975 Nov;12(5):1116-20. doi:10.1128/iai.12.5.1116-1120.1975.

Effect of pretreatment with Mycobaterium bovis (strain BCG) and immune syphilitic serum on rabbit resistance to Treponema pallidum.

Graves S, Johnson RC.

Infect Immun. 1975 Nov;12(5):1029-36. doi:10.1128/iai.12.5.1029-1036.1975.

Failure to infect gnotobiotic, colostrum-deprived and normal piglets with Treponema pallidum (Nichols).

Graves S, Wachter MS, Johnson RC.

Br J Vener Dis. 1975 Jun;51(3):213-14. doi:10.1136/sti.51.3.213.

1974

Trypsin extractable precipitating antigens of Leptospira interrogans (serotype Biflexa).

Graves S, Faine S.

Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci. 1974 Aug;52(4):615-29. doi:10.1038/icb.1974.60.

Subsurface location of non-agglutinating antigens of Leptospira interrogans (serotype Biflexa).

Graves S, Faine S.

Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci. 1974 Aug;52(4):631-7. doi:10.1038/icb.1974.61.

1970

Antileptospiral agglutinins produced in rabbits.

Graves S, Faine S.

Bull World Health Organ. 1970;43(4):579-87. PMID: 5313070

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